of New York State is very different from the versions of English spoken natively in Georgia or Texas. Like all languages, English varies extensively and systematically according to a number of social factors, including the region where the speaker was brought up. Sociolinguistics, the scientific study of that variation, seeks to observe, record, describe, and ultimately explain its occurrence.
The Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis
The first language system interferes with the second language system.
Structural analysis on the two language would enable teachers to predict the difficulties in acquiring second language.
It is quite common to detect where the speaker is from just by listening to his/her accent.
e.g.) French
Ladies and gentlemen
Reflect the use of the linguistic system itself
Sociolinguistic Competence
: the knowledge of the sociocultural rules of language and of discourse.
Strategic Competence
: the verbal and nonverbal communication strategies that may be called into action to compensate for breakdowns in communication due to performance variables or due to insufficient competence
(Canale & Swain)
sociolinguistics)이라는 술어는 영어에서 왔는데, 이는 사회와 언어학의 두 단어가 결합된 것이다. 그렇다고 사회언어학은 사회학과 언어학의 단순한 합이 아니며 사회학 연구 분야와 언어학 연구 분야의 기계적인 결합도 아니다. 또한 사회학적 이론과 방법으로 언어를 연구하는 것도 아니다. 사회언어학
Communicative event
Discourse structure = communication
+ personal, social properties of hearer& speaker
Coherence sentence
Sentence structure
+ a textual dependence of syntax and semantics
-> depending on
our knowledge & beliefs
Comprehension
Personal models and differences
different interpretation of a news
But, these variations are limited