2. 명사구
(1) the student of physics' hat에서 속격(genitive) 어미 ’s가 붙을 수 있고, 명사구의 일부인 of physics는 전치사구로 볼 수 있다.
a. the student of physics
① ?가 NP가 아닌 이
- 분포상의 이유 : 명사구의 위치인 주어나 목적어자리에 올 수 없다.
a. *Studnet of physics hit them.
b. *They hit student of physics.
Example2)
Their destination is unknown.
→ Noun
Where they are going is unknown.
→ Noun clause
A noun clause acts as follows.
① Subject of a verb:
→ What Billy did shocked his friends.
② Object of a verb:
→ Billy’s friends didn’t know that he
couldn’t swim.
③ Subject complement:
→ Billy’s mistake was
CLAUSE
To turn back now would be a mistake.
It would be a mistake to turn back now.
We considered it sensible to take legal advice.
Her parents [intended to buy her a car].
I go to the gym [in order to keep fit].
I go to the gym to keep fit.
Non-Catenative
Internal Complements
i. Our goal is to eliminate all these errors in the next version.
ii. These rules are to protect
4. 수식어(adjunct)
: 부가적인 정보(시간, 장소, 방법, 목적 등)제공
Example
- John smokes cigars in his office.
5. 화제(topic)
: comma 뒤에 올 문장이 무엇에 관한 이야기일지 알림
6. 설명(comment)
: topic의 역할과 complement의 역할 동시에
수행
Examples
- Cigars, John never smokes them in his office.
- Cigars, John neve
It = Pronoun? - controversial
Though “it” seems to refer to focus phrase, it does not
The referent of “it” is obscure
Number agreement with focus phrase
It is cookies that I want.
*They are cookies that I want.
Tense Agreement
It is John that I see.
*It is John that I saw.
But depends on context
Available phrase to be removed= What can be focus phrase?
It was gre